Power System modelling

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos In earlier posts, we explored a two-zone and a three-zone electricity market, each with different demand and supply curves. By allowing electricity to flow from low-price zones to high-price zones, total welfare was maximized. However, these models assumed perfect flexibility, ignoring the physical constraints of the power network, instead flows were determined…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos The DC power flow model is used to calculate Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDF) in power networks. The model approximates the real AC power flows by linearizing the governing equations, that are expressed in voltage angles and impedances. Also the resistive part of the impedances is assumed to be zero, to not…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos A recent post on LinkedIn from Svenska Kraftnät (SvK, the Swedish TSO) states that the power system “used to” control clock time. Those of us who are a bit older remember our bedside clock radios – remarkably precise, with no obvious reason why. You never had to set them; they just kept…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos In a previous post, a two zone power market was modelled. The zones were connected with a single link. The zones had identical demand curves but slightly different supply curves, rendering different prices in the two zones. It could be seen that this difference implied a flow from the low cost zone…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos Ibland snubblar man över guldkorn av en ren slump. I det här fallet gäller det en kommentar i kommentarsfältet till en artikel i Second Opinion från April 2018. Kommentaren är skriven av Klas Roudén, som är något av en nestor inom svensk elförsörjning, med 40 år i olika tekniska roller, delade ungefär…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos (This newer post extends the analysis to a three zone market). It is not easy to understand how prices on the electricity market are formed. At its core, the market matches supply with demand in an optimal way (whatever that means…). Here, we will examine what this matching looks like for two…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos With the increasing amount of renewable and weather-dependent power, firming or balancing power becomes more important. The question is: which are the major contributing balancing power sources in the pan-European power system? One way to measure the contribution from balancing powers in the power mix is to look at how they vary…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos When things get complicated, it is generally a good idea to try to simplify. A very complex system is the power system. Here’s a very simple balance model of a future Swedish power system modeled in Excel. The model uses “days” as the time unit to keep it more manageable, instead of…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos Model– Generation– Load– Hydrogen productionSimulation– Battery– Battery + fossil gas– Battery + green hydrogenConclusionsUpdates– Storage for gas backup– System LCOE for the alternatives– Cost optimized scenarios– “Sensible” gas usage scenarios– Using only hydrogen for backupFinal summary Reading tip: This long blog post has gained a rather convoluted structure with updates added several…

Bengt J. OlssonTwitter: @bengtxyz LinkedIn: beos Fixed casesCost optimized casesResultConclusionsUpdates– Wärtsilä case This tweet created some waves on X. Let’s look at the details. The background was this post on LinkedIn by Michael Caravaggio : https://www.linkedin.com/posts/michael-caravaggio_a-colleague-asked-me-based-on-the-last-5-activity-7197421216071041024-cI_c In the post Michael presents, upon a question from a colleague, an answer to the question: “How many GW of wind + solar…